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Comparison of the Position of the President in the Political System of the Weimar Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany
Krautová, Tereza Rozalie ; Jeřábek, Martin (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
The thesis addresses the comparison of the position of presidents in the political system of the Weimar Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany. With the adoption of the Basic Law in 1949, the Federal Republic of Germany built the presidency on a completely new foundation. The main goal of this work is to find out why the role of the president in the political system of Germany is only representative. A comparative case study is used in this work. The position of the presidents in the Weimar Republic and Germany is viewed from several positions. The introductory chapter contains a general classification of political systems (semi-presidentialism and parliamentarism) and the position of the president in these political systems. The following chapter deals with the historical context, specifically the establishment of presidential offices in both countries. The key chapters of the thesis are focused on the role of the presidents of the Weimar Republic and BRD from a constitutional point of view and later from a practical point of view. When looking for answers to a research question, it is very important to focus not only on anchoring the head of state in the constitutions of republics, but also to analyze the practice of the presidency, which may be different and move the political system in another...
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The phenomenon of presidential elections. The development of elections of Czechoslovak and Czech Presidents 1918-2008
Kočicová, Anna ; Pithart, Petr (advisor) ; Havel, Tomáš (referee)
The Phenomenon of Presidential Elections. The development of the elections of Czechslovak and Czech presidents 1918-2008. The topic of this thesis is an analysis of the development of the elections of the president of Czechoslovakia and later the Czech Republic from 1918 to 2008 in the context of a distinctive understanding of the role of the president in the collective memory of the Czech nation. The reason for the connection the analysis of presidential elections in the specified time period with the Czech experience of the perception of the president's role in the political system of the Czech Republic is the inseparable close link between the two topics within which the specific perception of a president in the eyes of Czech public influences the development of the institute of presidential elections and has the potential to successfully interpret it. The presidential election can therefore be considered a phenomenon within this meaning: it has specific historical, cultural and sociological features of the perception of the president's role in the collective memory of the Czech nation which were essential in the course of the functioning of the institute of the presidential election in Czech lands for further shaping of the form of this institute and these features have also made it a...
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Role of the president of the Czech Republic in theory and practice
Peškar, Michal ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
This work describes role of the president in the Czech Republic. However, the Czech Republic is considered as a republic with parliamentary system, the role of the president is very strong and latest development shows there might be certain movement into semi-presidential system. Content of the work is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is theoretical and deals with powers of the Czech president according to their legal background. Therefore, particular powers are described in the view of the Constitution and other related acts. This chapter also contains part about liability of the president and possibility of review of his/her acts. The second chapter shows the president in relations to other political agents and in general in political system of the Czech Republic. Specifically, there are mentioned relations of the president with the government, the Parliament and the Constitutional Court. The third chapter show how all president of the Czech Republic - Václav Havel, Václav Klaus and Miloš Zeman - acted when they were incumbent. The analysis especially focuses on situations when presidents used their powers on the edge of the Constitution or against prevailing interpretations of the Constitution.
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